Airports in Cameroon

Cameroon, located in Central Africa, has a well-developed aviation network. Due to the country's vast landscape and limited road infrastructure, air travel plays a crucial role in facilitating domestic and international transportation. 

Cameroon has several airports, with Douala International Airport (DLA) and Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport (NSI) serving as the primary international gateways.

Major International Airports in Cameroon

Cameroon has several international airports that connect the country to major destinations in Africa, Europe, and beyond, supporting business, tourism, and cargo transport.

1. Douala International Airport (DLA) – The Main Hub

Douala International Airport (DLA), located in the Littoral Region, is Cameroon’s largest and busiest airport, handling over 1.5 million passengers annually. Operated by the Cameroon Civil Aviation Authority (CCAA), it plays a crucial role in both passenger and cargo transportation. Serving as the main hub for Camair-Co, the country’s national carrier, the airport connects Cameroon to major destinations in Africa, Europe, and beyond. Its strategic location makes it a vital entry point for international travelers and a key center for trade, facilitating the movement of goods through its well-equipped cargo terminal.

• IATA Code: DLA
• ICAO Code: FKKD
  

Key Features of Douala International AirportInclude:

• Direct flights to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East
• Served by airlines like Air France, Turkish Airlines, Brussels Airlines, Ethiopian Airlines, and Kenya Airways
• Modern terminal with duty-free shops, VIP lounges, and business facilities
• Major cargo hub, handling goods from Cameroon's port city of Douala

2. Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport (NSI) – The Capital’s Gateway

Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport (NSI), located in the Centre Region, serves as the primary gateway to Cameroon’s capital. As the country’s second busiest airport, it plays a crucial role in both commercial aviation and government travel. Operated by the Cameroon Civil Aviation Authority (CCAA), the airport facilitates domestic and international flights, connecting Yaoundé to key destinations across Africa and beyond. Its modern infrastructure supports passenger services, while its strategic location makes it an important hub for diplomatic and official travel.

• IATA Code: NSI
• ICAO Code: FKYS
  

Key Features of the Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport:

• Serves international flights from Air France, Ethiopian Airlines, Turkish Airlines, and Brussels Airlines
• Less crowded than Douala, offering a more relaxed travel experience
• VIP lounges and government facilities for diplomatic travel

3. Garoua International Airport (GOU) – Northern Cameroon’s Link to the World

Garoua International Airport (GOU), located in the North Region, serves as a vital air transport hub for northern Cameroon. It primarily facilitates regional travel while also playing a crucial role in seasonal Hajj pilgrimage flights, connecting Cameroonian pilgrims to Saudi Arabia. The airport supports both passenger and cargo operations, contributing to trade and mobility in the region. Although it handles fewer international flights than Douala or Yaoundé, its strategic importance for religious and regional travel makes it a key asset for northern Cameroon’s connectivity.

• IATA Code: GOU
• ICAO Code: FKKR
  

Key Features Garoua International Airport Include:

• Limited international flights, mostly to West and North Africa
• Used by UN and humanitarian flights
• Strategic location for military operations in the Sahel region

4. Maroua Salak International Airport (MVR) – Serving the Far North

Maroua Salak International Airport (MVR), located in the Far North Region, plays a crucial role in connecting this remote area to the rest of Cameroon and beyond. Given the region's challenging road infrastructure, the airport is essential for passenger travel, cargo transport, and humanitarian aid operations. It primarily handles domestic flights but also supports seasonal and regional international routes. As a key gateway for the Far North, the airport helps facilitate trade, tourism, and government travel, making it an important part of Cameroon’s aviation network.

• IATA Code: MVR
• ICAO Code: FKK
  

Key Features of Maroua Salak International Airport (MVR):

• Handles domestic and some international flights
• Supports military and humanitarian operations in northern Cameroon
• Serves as a transit hub for NGOs and government agencies

Domestic Airports in Cameroon

Cameroon has several domestic airports, connecting smaller cities to major hubs like Douala and Yaoundé. Here is the list:

Domestic Air Travel in Cameroon

• Domestic flights are limited and mostly operated by Camair-Co.
• Many airports serve small aircraft and charter flights for business or humanitarian missions.
• Some domestic airports lack modern infrastructure, with unpaved runways and minimal facilities.
• Flights to remote areas are often irregular and dependent on demand.
• High operating costs make domestic air travel more expensive compared to regional road transport.

Military & Special Airports in Cameroon

Cameroon’s military and special-purpose airports support defense, security, and government operations, including emergency and presidential travel.

• Yaoundé Air Base (FKKY): Used by the Cameroonian Air Force. Occasionally used for government and presidential flights.
• Douala Military Air Base: Located near Douala International Airport. Supports military and security operations.
• Garoua Air Base: Important for regional security and counter-terrorism operations. Used by military aircraft and international security partners.
• Salak Air Base: Located near Maroua Salak International Airport. Used for military operations in the Far North, especially in counter-terrorism efforts.
• Tiko Air Base: Serves as a backup military airfield. Occasionally used for government and security-related flights.

Challenges & Developments in Cameroon's Aviation Sector

Challenges

• Limited Domestic Flights: Most domestic air traffic is concentrated in Douala and Yaoundé, leaving many regional airports underutilised.
• Ageing Infrastructure: Many regional airports require modernization and better facilities to meet international aviation standards.
• Expensive Air Travel: The high cost of domestic flights makes air travel inaccessible for many Cameroonians, limiting economic and tourism potential.
• Security Concerns: Airports in the Far North region face security threats impacting flight operations and passenger confidence.

Future Developments

• Expansion of Douala & Yaoundé Airports: These major hubs are undergoing improvements to accommodate rising passenger numbers and enhance service quality.
• Runway and Terminal Upgrades: Airports in Bamenda, Bafoussam, and Ngaoundéré are receiving infrastructure upgrades to support increased air traffic and improve passenger experience.
• Improved Air Navigation Systems: Efforts are being made to modernize air traffic control and navigation technology.
• Potential New Airline Carriers: Plans are in place to introduce new airlines that will increase domestic connectivity and offer more affordable travel options.

Key Takeaways:

• Douala International Airport (DLA) – Main international hub
• Yaoundé Nsimalen (NSI) – Capital's primary airport
• Garoua & Maroua Airports – Vital for northern Cameroon
• Bamenda, Bafoussam, Ngaoundéré Airports – Supporting regional connectivity
• Ongoing modernization efforts to improve infrastructure

Despite challenges like ageing facilities and limited domestic flights, Cameroon's aviation sector is improving, with government investments and infrastructure projects aimed at boosting connectivity.